{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "487799e9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 上周回顾\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1. 函数的定义 : def\n",
    "> 2. 函数名的定义规则-->变量名\n",
    "> 3. 调用函数的方式： func_name(参数)\n",
    "> 4. 参数：\n",
    ">> 1. 形式参数（定义函数）\n",
    ">> 2. 实际参数（调用函数）\n",
    ">> 3. 有多个参数时：\n",
    ">>> 关键字参数\n",
    ">>> 1. 位置参数（调用函数时）---> 关键字参数要均放在末尾（多个不考虑顺序）\n",
    ">>> 2. 默认参数（定义函数时）---> 默认参数均放在末尾（多个不考虑顺序）\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# 本周知识\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1. 函数的返回值\n",
    "> 2. 函数的输入参数类型\n",
    "> 3. 函数的返回参数类型\n",
    "> 4. 模块的概念\n",
    "> 5. 如何创建一个模块，并且调用自己定义的模块"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b78db034",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 函数的返回值\n",
    ">  返回值关键字:return\n",
    ">> 1. 函数一定有返回值(无论是什么编程语言）\n",
    ">> 2. 在其他的编程语言中(如c语言,java等),返回值一定要写,不写会报错！;对于python（更高级的语言），返回值如果不写，给定默认值 None\n",
    ">> 3.返回值一般为函数体运行的结果（result）（函数返回值实践1）;也可以是自定义的函数返回值(实践2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "id": "c80658ec",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 函数的返回值实践1\n",
    "def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):\n",
    "    \"\"\"返回整洁的姓名\"\"\"\n",
    "    full_name = first_name + ' ' + last_name\n",
    "#       print(full_name)\n",
    "    return full_name\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "id": "a5b3ed19",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Li Hua'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "get_formatted_name(\"Li\",\"Hua\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "id": "69b5a518",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Li Hua\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(get_formatted_name(\"Li\",\"Hua\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "id": "34b77fd6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 函数返回值实践2\n",
    "def log_in(username,password):\n",
    "    \"\"\"验证登录信息\"\"\"\n",
    "    if username == \"Lihua\" and password == 123456:\n",
    "        return 1\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "id": "0f6ff671",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "log_in(\"Lihua\",123456)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0f619738",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 函数的输入参数类型\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1. 函数可以输入复杂的参数(例如列表，自动，集合，元组等):\n",
    ">> 1. 函数参数为列表\n",
    ">> 2. 函数参数为字典\n",
    ">> 3. ...\n",
    "\n",
    "> 2. 函数可以输入不确定个数的参数:\n",
    ">> 1. *args\n",
    ">> 2. ** kwargs"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "id": "4a2b0426",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test_A(names):\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试函数参数输入为列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return names"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "id": "4c52add0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test_A([\"Lihua\",\"Alex\",\"Ziqi\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "id": "75ed50c1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def text_B(person):\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试函数参数输入为字典\"\"\"\n",
    "    return person"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "id": "3be8e6fc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'stud_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'job': 'student'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "text_B({\"stud_id\":210001,\"age\":18,\"job\":\"student\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "17a5c6df",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 2. 函数可以输入不确定个数的参数:\n",
    ">> 1. *args\n",
    ">>> 1.args 可以接受多个数据(单值)\n",
    ">>> 2. args 将多个数据存在一个**元组**当中,实际还是一个变量\n",
    ">> 2. ** kwargs\n",
    ">>> 1. kwargs 可以接受多个数据(键值对)==> 关键字参数\n",
    ">>> 2. kwargs 将多个 键值对 的数据存放在一个 字典 中，实际上还是一个变量"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "id": "64cf8d70",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def food_ingred(food,*ingred):\n",
    "    \"\"\"食物配料单\"\"\"\n",
    "    return food,ingred"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "id": "818864a3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('pizza', ('mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese'))"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "food_ingred(\"pizza\",\"mushroom\",\"green peppers\",\"extra cheese\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "id": "6e22cd4d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def person(stud_name,**stud_course):\n",
    "    \"\"\"学生个人信息完善表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return stud_name,stud_course"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "id": "29ed5aaa",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('Lihua', {'course_星期一': 'API', 'course_星期二': 'app原型设计'})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "person(\"Lihua\",course_星期一=\"API\",course_星期二=\"app原型设计\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0c21f3c2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 3.函数的输出(返回值)参数类型\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1. 在编程语言在，函数的返回值只能是一个值\n",
    "> 2. 返回值可以是 字符串，数值，列表，字典等数据(单一值)\n",
    "> 3. python可以输入多个返回值,结果会用一个元组进行封装并返回。(本质不违背函数的定义)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "id": "e3c9db83",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test1_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为字符串\"\"\"\n",
    "    return \"你好\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "id": "57fbaca5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'你好'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test1_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "id": "cd5909f6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test2_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为数值\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 12345"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "id": "39505b53",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "12345"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test2_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "id": "08f44a09",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test3_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return ['Lihua','Alex','Ziqi']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "id": "112bb0dd",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test3_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "id": "f027d8af",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test4_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为字典\"\"\"\n",
    "    return ({\"stud_id\":210001,\"age\":18,\"job\":\"student\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "id": "12535189",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'stud_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'job': 'student'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test4_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "id": "fbb43f79",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# ******** return 后面写多个值，将会返回一个元组（一个值，不违背函数在编程思维中的定义）\n",
    "def test5_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return 为 多个值的情况\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 18,\"Lihua\",['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi'],{'stud_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'Job': 'student'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "id": "c176c76e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(18,\n",
       " 'Lihua',\n",
       " ['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi'],\n",
       " {'stud_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'Job': 'student'})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test5_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "98dbf4d4",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 4. 模块\n",
    "> 1. 使用模块可以隐藏函数的源代码\n",
    "> 2. 使用的人不需要会底层代码(只需要会使用模块即可)\n",
    "\n",
    "> 3. 模块的使用方法:\n",
    ">> 1. import 模块名\n",
    ">>> * 使用: 模块名.函数名()\n",
    ">> 2. from 模块名 import 函数名\n",
    ">>> * 使用: 函数名()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "id": "d4467205",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "id": "23e1f2aa",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<function time.localtime>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "time.localtime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "id": "99e5cf85",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from time import localtime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "id": "85b395bc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=16, tm_min=57, tm_sec=50, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=343, tm_isdst=0)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "localtime()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "id": "0fedb997",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import study"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "id": "c4965a53",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AttributeError",
     "evalue": "module 'study' has no attribute 'search4vowels'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-78-07073a8e0599>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# 函数的调用\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mstudy\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0msearch4vowels\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"hello zhichao\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: module 'study' has no attribute 'search4vowels'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 函数的调用\n",
    "study.search4vowels(\"hello zhichao\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "id": "17d4bf65",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AttributeError",
     "evalue": "module 'study' has no attribute 'news_链接'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-79-7c00a969a59c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mhelp\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mstudy\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mnews_链接\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: module 'study' has no attribute 'news_链接'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(study.news_链接)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "id": "fe5ba1c1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AttributeError",
     "evalue": "module 'study' has no attribute 'news_链接'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-80-cc11f553d3b8>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mstudy\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mnews_链接\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m'xxyw'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m'98'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: module 'study' has no attribute 'news_链接'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "study.news_链接('https://www.nfu.edu.cn/','xxyw','98')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f21ce247",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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